A Review of Knowledge Management in the Irish Civil Service seeks to raise awareness of knowledge management and its potential to support organisations in achieving their business objectives. The research also identifies the concrete steps and cultural change required of government departments in order to more effectively use and share knowledge. The paper seeks to enhance understanding in relation to knowledge management and also to provide examples of initiatives being development across the civil service. The challenge now for the civil service, and more specifically for individual departments and agencies, is to move beyond the level of isolated interventions to development a comprehensive strategy in relation to knowledge management. The need for this has been given further impetus by the decentralisation programme and the likelihood of significant changes in personnel for many departments.